It behaves like a weak organic acid. Carboxylic acids donate hydrogen ions if a base is available to accept them. In this way, they react with both organic (e.g., amines) and inorganic bases. Their reactions with bases, called “neutralizations,” are accompanied by the evolution of significant amounts of heat. Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water and a salt. Carboxylic acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbon atoms are sparingly soluble. Soluble carboxylic acids dissociate to some extent from water to yield hydrogen ions. Many insoluble carboxylic acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve because neutralization forms a soluble salt. Carboxylic acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. Carboxylic acids, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to form gaseous hydrogen cyanide.
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